背影——朱自清

背影——朱自清

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himalaya
16 h 17 min
himalaya
155 Episodes

亲近名著 守望童年

 

 

       每一部名著,尤其是其中的经典性作品,事实上都浓缩、隐含着特定时代、特定民族、特定文化所形成的最基本、最具代表性的文化价值观和文化心智成果,代表着人类文化发展的某些不可复制和不可替代的智慧和方向。同时,经典又是经过人类阅读的随机拣选和时间长河的无情淘汰,才逐渐浮出历史地表,最终固定在人类精神发展的文化坐标上的。

       文学经典之所以享有这样的文学史地位,首先是因为,经典提供的是一种具有整体文学史意义的独特而绝对的高度,它总是以自己的方式洞悉或表达了历史、社会、人生、人性的基本奥秘或本相,表达了对于这些奥秘或本相深刻的体认和独到的感悟;经典又总是以自己的方式构筑成文学史上一个永恒的美学神话,并向文学史释放着永不消失的艺术灵光。安徒生童话对于社会和人生真相的有力揭示,卡洛尔童话对荒诞艺术的绝妙实践,林格伦童话对儿童解放在哲学上和美学上的重要贡献,都是文学史上突出而典型的例子。由于这些作品在文学史上所达到的高度是重要而独特的,因此,它们在一些特定的方面是无法被逾越的。

       经典还提供了一种文学史意义上的判断尺度。经典代表着文学史上最卓越的艺术成就和经验,它虽然无法被轻松地逾越,但却往往成为人们普遍心仪和乐于效仿的榜样。更多的时候,经典所提供的高度则被人们用来打造成一把衡量高下、评说成败的艺术标尺。人们会用经典构成和显示的标尺来看一看,某部作品与经典的距离究竟有多远。

因此,对于经典的尊崇和信赖,成为人类最基本的精神生活态度之一。

文学作为人类文化的组成部分,形成了一大批影响过一代又一代青少年精神发育和成长的经典名著。提起文学史上的许多名著,人们常常会有一种重新打开童年心灵履历的难忘和激动。在他们的童年记忆中,甚至,在他们后来的阅读记忆中,这些作品都曾经那么深刻地参与并影响了他们的心灵建设,为他们的成长打下了宝贵的“精神的底子”(钱理群先生语)。

       浙江教育出版社出版的这套“语文新课标基础必读丛书”收入了《朝花夕拾》《繁星·春水》《昆虫记》《飞鸟集·新月集》《安徒生童话》等数十部古今中外文学名著。这些作品触及社会、人生、自然、命运等最基本的人类价值和命题,因而具有相当的思想深度和情感力度。我相信,让每一个孩子在他们的童年时代就亲近这样的作品,正是一项为当代儿童和青少年的精神“打底”的事业。

       让我们一起来亲近和享受这样的作品,守望和珍惜童年的阅读。

 

                                                       方卫平(浙江师范大学教授、博士生导师)  

                                                                               2016年412日于丽泽湖畔 
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