School of Advanced Study Agency, Morals & the Mind Morals, Culture and Society Responsibility as a Social Construction Catherine Wilson | Anniversary Professor of Philosophy, University of York From an empirical perspective, it is important for an animal to distinguish between its own doings, the kinds of actions over which it exerts control, and things that 'just happen' to it. However, the distinction is not precise, and the animal is, after all, just a complicated mechanism in which and to which things happen. When we move into the realm of human agency, the distinction between doings and happenings becomes extremely vague, yet at the same time hugely important because of the ways in which we punish people for what we regard as deliberate offenses, including moral offenses and criminal actions. Metaphysicans have tried but have not succeeded in defining freewill and responsibility for us, let alone in showing that they are more than conceptual fictions linked to subjective feelin...