In her classic study The Chrysanthemum and the Sword, US anthropologist Ruth Benedict argued that Japan's social psychology was shaped by a system of "obligation" and "shame". 美國人類學家露絲·本尼迪克特在其經典研究《菊與刀》中指出，日本的社會心理結構是由“義務”和“羞恥”兩種機制所塑造的。 From Benedict's perspective, the obligation arises from duties transmitted through hierarchy and daily social interactions, while shame derives from the need to maintain personal honor and avoid public disgrace. 在本尼迪克特看來，“義務”源自等級結構與日常互動中傳遞的責任，而“羞恥”則來自維持個人榮譽、避免公開恥辱的需要。 Yet the "obligations" that seem to animate Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, which stem from a political lineage that has long romanticized Japan's militaristic past, are glorified instead of being a source of shame. By publicly signaling a readiness to engage in armed intervention over the Taiwan Strait situation — under the pretext of a fabricated "external threat" — Taka...